Experts Talk about CBD Transportation
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| 5/21/2005 1:1:0 Beijing CBD |
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Beijing CBD Transportation Advisor: Liu Zhong
How to Highlight the Functions of CBD Roads
According to the survey to CBD transportation, the automobile flow of the double way at the rush hour is required at 14400, the average speed is 20~22 Km/hr; after some minor trunk lines and branches are constructed in 2005, it is estimated that, the average auto. speed is about 22~24 Km/hr; after the 2010 Roads Plan is realized, the flow of the automobile at the rush hour will be rocketed to 45800, and the average speed will be decreased to 16~18 Km/hr, similar to the current Loop II.
For the sake of effectively alleviating the traffic pressure, it is necessary to further study how to highlight the functions of various roads:
First of all is to highlight the function of the expressway. There are two expressways inside CBD, i.e., the east section of Loop III and the north road of Tonghui River (proposed to be constructed), with the total length of 5.5 Km. The main function of the expressways is to solve the boundary transportation; however, when more than ten intersections are built on the expressways, the patter of long term suspension on the major and minor roads is formed although the original intention is to be good to the regional transportation. It is the key issue to once more highlight the boundary transportation function of the expressways.
Second is to highlight the function of the trunk line. There are five trunk lines inside CBD, namely, Jianwai Avenue, Chaoyang Road Chaoyang North Road, Dongdaqiao Road, and West Dawang Road, with the total length about 15.2 kilometers, and the main functions to pass the boundary transportation and the regional transportation in half respectively. Since the vehicles with the destination within CBD are less than 50%, the minimum design includes the major trunk line that can bear four cars in parallel, and the minor road, as well as the footpath. In order to realize the boundary transportation function designed for the original intention, the single way is not suitable for such roads; in order to realize the regional function, it is necessary to prohibit the motor vehicles turning to left and diversion, and the left turning or right turning driveway should be increased in some intersections; the intelligent transportation technology should be better applied, for example, to set up the multiple-phase signal lamps at the intersections, the monitoring system, the traffic information display release system, the road guidance system, and so on; in addition, since the transportation of such roads is in a hastily manner, the motor vehicles and bicycles are mixed together, and there are many flat intersections, the transportation authority in charge should devote more policemen.
Furthermore, it is how to highlight the functions of the branch roads. There are more than 30 branches inside CBD region, in which 12 roads from south to north, and 18 from east to west. The regional transportation is the major function of such roads. The density of the roads in CBD and the road area ratio are higher than those specified in the national planning design standards, also higher than those in other areas of Beijing, mainly embodied by the dense branches. The distance of such roads is normally between 200 meters to 500 meters, connecting with the minor trunk lines and roads of the communities. The motor vehicle driving principle of "right entrance left exit" should be powerfully carried out, through organizing the single way transportation, to reduce the crosses and waiting time.
The specific suggestion on the principle of "Right Entrance Left Exit" is as the follows:
I. Design according to 4 big blocks, 14 small blocks and 42 communities inside CBD, to build up the motor vehicle right driving system leading by 14 small blocks (all connecting with the branches);
II. Design according to the road levels, that is to say, when the vehicles driving on the branches should go for right side when meet the intersections crossing with the major trunkline and minor trunk lines;
III. The entrance and exit vehicles passing through the communities should go for right side. The roads inside communities should be kept free, and the exits can only connect with the branches;
IV. Strengthen the planning design on branch parking lots. Since the public traffic is designed to take up 56% of the whole CBD region, the issue of the temporary parking of the taxi and bus must be outstanding. Parking is for the startup and destination, so the impact on the normal traffic should be reduced, and to build up the harbor-like parking lots will become a new highlight in the CBD transportation.
The organization of the right driving system for the motor vehicles also needs large quantity of humanized intelligence traffic facilities, such as the road guidance display, traffic plates, traffic signs and marks, etc..
The Significance of the Road Name and Landscape
The road transportation is composed of four factors as human beings, vehicles, roads and traffic environment, in which the traffic environment includes the road situation, traffic facility and surface features, etc.. The road name and the landscape both belong to the range of the road traffic environment, playing the role of the transportation guidance.
In the 4km2 CBD region, there are almost 40 roads newly designed, and the roads respectively named are almost 100, in which over 80% belong to the newly constructed or renovated roads. At the planning phase, some make use of the old names, and some are newly named. After the planning enters the implementation phase, it is imperative to completely consider the names of the streets of CBD. The street names are a kind of special resources, as the important signs with the symbol and representative meaning, relating to the culture taste and the brand popularity within CBD region.
There are many names can be referred, such as, the streets of Sun Altar Embassy Area are named as "Sun Altar East Street I, East Street II, Xiushui East Street, and West Street", the streets of Salitun Embassy Area are named as Sanlitun East Street I, and West Street I, etc., for another example, the Liangguang Road is named as Guang'an (Broadness and Safety) Street, and Shitiao and Ping'anli after renovation are named as Ping'an (Safety) Street. The names of these two streets all have the Chinese characteristics, implicating the meaning of safety and luck, as very good samples.
The road landscape design is very important, and the good-quality traffic service is the important part. The road landscape is the visual image of the road space. For example, the "Jintai Xizhao Stele" found in the construction process can be designed as an important sight, to indicate the brilliance at the old days, both improving the culture taste and creasing an important traffic landmark. For another example, the proposed "Dongdaqiao East Side Road" will be constructed as a landscape avenue. Dongdaqiao is a place name in Chaoyang
District with its popularity similar to CBD. If the XX Landscape Avenue is named, its popularity in Beijing will be broadly spread.
The road landscape also includes the accessories, such as the parterre, sculpture, fountain, chairs, telephone booths, rest areas, fencing walls, etc.. These accessories should not only play the function of decoration, but also have the good visual feeling under the modern transportation conditions, to present the character of the era. Meanwhile, the good accessories can pilot the transportation, also give a help to the postal communication as well.
Once the good road name and landscape are established, they can be recorded into the history to last for long term. As for the specific implementing methods, it is a good solution to collect the plans from the public, which is also a good publicity way for CBD. Besides the investment of the government, some units with good financial conditions can build up the landscape in front of their own yards, to beatify the environment, as well as to stimulate inspiration.
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